Surplus lines by state
The surplus lines market, a group of highly specialized insurers exists to provide coverage that is not available through licensed insurers in the standard insurance market. Each state has surplus lines regulations and each surplus lines company is overseen for solvency by its home state. A number of states maintain lists of eligible surplus lines companies and some keep a list of those that are not eligible to do business in that state. In addition, depending on the state, the surplus lines agent or broker, who must be licensed, is responsible for checking the eligibility of the company.
For the many thousands of businesses that rely on some level of surplus line protection to keep their doors open, surplus lines is an important segment of the market.
U.S. Excess And Surplus Lines Direct Premiums Written, 2015-2024 (1)
| Year |
Direct premiums written |
Annual percent change |
| 2015 |
$29,276,726 |
2.7% |
| 2016 |
29,465,060 |
0.6 |
| 2017 |
30,987,127 |
5.2 |
| 2018 |
34,099,993 |
10.0 |
| 2019 |
39,710,184 |
16.5 |
| 2020 |
46,960,203 |
18.3 |
| 2021 |
62,900,601 |
33.9 |
| 2022 |
75,512,886 |
20.1 |
| 2023 |
86,550,266 |
14.6 |
| 2024 |
98,178,551 |
13.4 |
(1) Excludes Lloyd’s of London and territories.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
U.S. Excess And Surplus Lines Direct Premiums Written By State, 2024 (1)
| State |
Direct
premiums
written |
Percent of
total
U.S. surplus
lines market |
State |
Direct
premiums
written |
Percent of
total
U.S. surplus
lines market |
| Alaska |
$209,387 |
0.2% |
Montana |
$272,748 |
0.3% |
| Alabama |
1,293,758 |
1.3 |
North Carolina |
1,634,241 |
1.7 |
| Arkansas |
570,412 |
0.6 |
North Dakota |
175,089 |
0.2 |
| Arizona |
1,370,067 |
1.4 |
Nebraska |
335,614 |
0.3 |
| California |
18,080,355 |
18.4 |
New Hampshire |
200,418 |
0.2 |
| Colorado |
1,878,381 |
1.9 |
New Jersey |
2,787,422 |
2.8 |
| Connecticut |
973,768 |
1.0 |
New Mexico |
315,387 |
0.3 |
| D.C. |
417,823 |
0.4 |
Nevada |
805,105 |
0.8 |
| Delaware |
382,695 |
0.4 |
New York |
7,531,292 |
7.7 |
| Florida |
12,692,187 |
12.9 |
Ohio |
1,735,808 |
1.8 |
| Georgia |
2,690,433 |
2.7 |
Oklahoma |
876,678 |
0.9 |
| Hawaii |
618,178 |
0.6 |
Oregon |
853,842 |
0.9 |
| Iowa |
638,354 |
0.7 |
Pennsylvania |
2,411,493 |
2.5 |
| Idaho |
314,376 |
0.3 |
Rhode Island |
296,257 |
0.3 |
| Illinois |
3,338,683 |
3.4 |
South Carolina |
1,672,001 |
1.7 |
| Indiana |
1,255,665 |
1.3 |
South Dakota |
119,203 |
0.1 |
| Kansas |
495,326 |
0.5 |
Tennessee |
1,407,583 |
1.4 |
| Kentucky |
527,730 |
0.5 |
Texas |
11,760,988 |
12.0 |
| Louisiana |
2,425,084 |
2.5 |
Utah |
705,618 |
0.7 |
| Massachusetts |
1,975,509 |
2.0 |
Virginia |
1,405,683 |
1.4 |
| Maryland |
956,722 |
1.0 |
Vermont |
138,562 |
0.1 |
| Maine |
186,910 |
0.2 |
Washington |
1,914,774 |
2.0 |
| Michigan |
1,274,362 |
1.3 |
Wisconsin |
757,568 |
0.8 |
| Minnesota |
1,058,977 |
1.1 |
West Virginia |
200,613 |
0.2 |
| Missouri |
1,303,814 |
1.3 |
Wyoming |
139,235 |
0.1 |
| Mississippi |
796,369 |
0.8 |
|
|
|
(1) Excludes Lloyd’s of London and territories.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
Top 25 U.S. Excess and Surplus Lines Groups by Direct Premiums Written, 2024 (1)
| Rank |
Group |
Direct premiums written |
Percent of total
U.S. surplus lines market |
| 1 |
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (SNL P&C Group) |
$8,460,642 |
8.6% |
| 2 |
AIG (SNL P&C Group) |
5,599,587 |
5.7 |
| 3 |
Fairfax Financial (SNL P&C Group) |
4,390,827 |
4.5 |
| 4 |
W. R. Berkley Corp. (SNL P&C Group) |
4,129,391 |
4.2 |
| 5 |
Markel (SNL P&C Group) |
3,832,535 |
3.9 |
| 6 |
Chubb (SNL P&C Group) |
3,811,509 |
3.9 |
| 7 |
Starr Cos. (SNL P&C Group) |
2,967,100 |
3.0 |
| 8 |
Nationwide (SNL P&C Group) |
2,946,710 |
3.0 |
| 9 |
Liberty Mutual (SNL P&C Group) |
2,246,118 |
2.3 |
| 10 |
AXIS (SNL P&C Group) |
2,197,355 |
2.2 |
| 11 |
MS&AD Insurance (SNL P&C Group) |
2,060,354 |
2.1 |
| 12 |
Sompo (SNL P&C Group) |
2,045,898 |
2.1 |
| 13 |
AXA SA (SNL P&C Group) |
1,985,087 |
2.0 |
| 14 |
Kinsale Insurance Co. |
1,869,796 |
1.9 |
| 15 |
Arch Capital (SNL P&C Group) |
1,643,204 |
1.7 |
| 16 |
Travelers (SNL P&C Group) |
1,642,730 |
1.7 |
| 17 |
CNA (SNL P&C Group) |
1,603,347 |
1.6 |
| 18 |
Tokio Marine (SNL P&C Group) |
1,570,449 |
1.6 |
| 19 |
StarStone (SNL P&C Group) |
1,462,409 |
1.5 |
| 20 |
Munich Re (SNL P&C Group) |
1,434,764 |
1.5 |
| 21 |
The Hartford (SNL P&C Group) |
1,412,459 |
1.4 |
| 22 |
Great American Insurance (SNL P&C Group) |
1,381,648 |
1.4 |
| 23 |
Zurich (SNL P&C Group) |
1,351,221 |
1.4 |
| 24 |
Everest Re (SNL P&C Group) |
1,318,562 |
1.3 |
| 25 |
AmTrust Financial (SNL P&C Group) |
1,262,793 |
1.3 |
(1) Excludes Lloyd’s of London and territories.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
