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Motorcyclists are more vulnerable on the road and are more likely to be injured or killed than car occupants. Motorcycle crashes cost billions of dollars per year in direct costs such as emergency services, medical costs including rehabilitation, property damage, loss of market productivity including lost wages, loss in household productivity and insurance costs, including claims and the cost of defense attorneys.
As of July 2020
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(1) Universal laws cover all riders; partial laws cover young riders or some adult riders.
(2) Alaska's motorcycle helmet use law covers passengers of all ages, operators younger than 18, and operators with instructional permits.
(3) In Delaware, every motorcycle operator or rider age 19 and older must carry an approved safety helmet.
(4) In Florida the law requires that all riders younger than 21 years wear helmets, without exception. Those 21 years and older may ride without helmets only if they can show proof that they are covered by a medical insurance policy.
(5) Motorcycle helmet laws in Kentucky, Maine, Minnesota, and Wisconsin also cover operators with instructional/learner's permits. Maine's motorcycle helmet use law also covers passengers 17 years and younger and passengers if their operators are required to wear a helmet.
(6) In Michigan, the law requires that all riders younger than 21 years wear helmets, without exception. Those 21 years and older may ride without helmets only if they carry additional insurance and have passed a motorcycle safety course or have had their motorcycle endorsement for at least two years. Motorcycle operators who want to exercise this option also must be 21 or older and carry additional insurance.
(7) North Dakota's motorcycle helmet use law covers all passengers traveling with operators who are covered by the law.
(8) Ohio's motorcycle helmet use law covers all operators during the first year of licensure and all passengers of operators who are covered by the law.
(9) Pennsylvania's motorcycle helmet use law covers all operators during the first two years of licensure unless the operator has completed the safety course approved by the Department of Transportation or the Motorcycle Safety Foundation. Rhode Island's motorcycle helmet use law covers all passengers (regardless of age) and all operators during the first year of licensure (regardless of age).
(10) Texas exempts riders 21 or older if they can either show proof of successfully completing a motorcycle operator training and safety course or can show proof of having a medical insurance policy.
Source: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Highway Loss Data Institute.
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(1) Based on surveys of motorcyclists using helmets meeting Department of Transportation standards. Surveys conducted in October for 1996-2000 and in June thereafter.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Occupant Protection Use Survey, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's National Center for Statistics and Analysis.
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NA=Data not available.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; Federal Highway Administration.
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(1) NHTSA began using police-reported crash data from the Crash Report Sampling System, replacing the National Automotive Sampling System
General Estimates System (GES). NCSA has also changed the methodology of estimating people nonfatally injured in motor vehicle traffic crashes.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; Federal Highway Administration.
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(1) Per 10 million vehicle miles traveled.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
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(1) Includes 10 motorcyclists killed on unknown day of week.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Safety Administration.
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(1) Trucks with 10,000 pounds or less gross vehicle weight. Includes pickups, vans, truck-based station wagons and utility vehicles.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Vehicle miles traveled - USDOT, Federal Highway Administration, revised by NHTSA; Registered passenger cars and light trucks - R.L. Polk & Co; Registered motorcycles - USDOT, Federal Highway Administration.
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(1) Alcohol-impaired driving crashes are crashes that involve at least one driver or a motorcycle operator with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08 grams per deciliter or greater, the legal definition of alcohol-impaired driving.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
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(1) NHTSA estimates alcohol involvement when alcohol test results are unknown.
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Safety Administration.
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
The Motorcycle Safety Foundation
The Motorcycle Industry Council
Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety
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